Adult Education Journal of Educational Thought

STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF IMMERSION AND EXCURSION AS METHODS OF TEACHING YORUBA PROVERBS AND CULTURE

2026-05-18T13:12:15+00:00

This study investigates students' perceptions of immersion and excursion as pedagogical methods for teaching Yoruba proverbs and culture. As indigenous languages face increasing marginalization in contemporary educational systems, innovative teaching methodologies become crucial for cultural preservation and transmission. Through a mixed-methods approach combining surveys and focus group discussions with 240 secondary school students in southwestern Nigeria, this research examines how experiential learning methods affect student engagement, comprehension, and appreciation of Yoruba cultural heritage. Findings indicate that both immersion and excursion methods significantly enhance students' understanding of proverbs within their cultural contexts, with 78% of participants reporting improved retention and cultural connection compared to traditional classroom instruction. The study reveals that immersion techniques foster deeper linguistic competence, while excursions provide authentic cultural contexts that make proverbs more meaningful and memorable. However, students also identified challenges, including logistical constraints, time limitations, and the need for better integration with formal curricula. These findings have important implications for language education policy and the development of culturally responsive pedagogies in African educational contexts.

THE ROLES OF ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN REDUCING ROAD ACCIDENTS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-18T14:02:27+00:00

ABSTRACT

The rise of road accidents in Nigeria, especially in Lagos state, leading to injuries, deaths, and economic losses, is a serious concern. Due to this high casualty rate, the Lagos State government developed and exposed drivers to road safety education programmes to address the reckless behaviour of commercial drivers. In light of this, the study examined the roles of road safety education programmes in reducing road accidents in Lagos State. Three research objectives were posed and three hypotheses were tested to guide the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. While Krejci & Morgan's (1970) sample size determination table was used to determine the sample size, stratified random sampling technique was used to select 370 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Hypotheses were analysed using inferential statistics of regression analysis at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that road safety education programmes make a meaningful contribution to improving road safety outcomes; and emergency first responder education programmes do not significantly enhance the professionalism of commercial bus drivers in Lagos State. The study concludes road safety education programmes such as public enlightenment and campaign programmes provide strong validation for road safety education as a core road safety strategy. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that the Lagos State Government, through the Ministry of Transportation and Lagos State Traffic Management Authority (LASTMA), should establish a mandatory, integrated professional development framework for all commercial bus drivers.

CYBERSECURITY MEASURES AND FINANCIAL MISMANAGEMENT PREVENTION IN SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS IN NIGERIA

2026-05-20T00:25:39+00:00

This study investigated cybersecurity measures and financial mismanagement prevention in sports organisations in Nigeria, focusing specifically on secure financial management software, access control and authentication mechanisms. This study adopted a quantitative research approach using a survey design. The population of the study comprised administrative personnel directly involved in financial and information management, sports administrators, accountants, finance officers, internal auditors, ICT and cybersecurity officers of sports organisations in Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 150 respondents for the study. Data for the study were obtained through the use of a structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using inferential statistics of multiple regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The empirical findings provide compelling evidence that cybersecurity measures significantly contribute to financial mismanagement prevention in sports administration contexts. The study conclude that cybersecurity measures should not be viewed merely as technical safeguards but as strategic governance tools that systematically reduce opportunities for financial mismanagement. The study recommended that sports organisations should prioritise the acquisition and implementation of secure financial management software with robust cybersecurity features, including encryption, automated audit trails, transaction verification protocols, and secure data storage.

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADVOCACY ON LIFESTYLE ADJUSTMENT AND SUSTAINABLE HEALTHY LIVING AMONG OLDER ADULT STAFF OF SELECTED BASIC SCHOOLS IN TANKE, ILORIN, KWARA STATE

2026-05-20T00:33:23+00:00

This study assessed the influence of social media advocacy on lifestyle adjustments and sustainable health living among older adult staff of selected basic schools in Tanke Area, Ilorin, Kwara State. The population comprised older adult teaching and non-teaching staff of selected public and private basic schools, from which a sample was drawn using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire titled Social Media Advocacy, Lifestyle Adjustment and Sustainable Health Living Questionnaire (SMALASHLQ). The instrument was validated by experts and tested for reliability using the test–retest method, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.78, both descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions. Findings revealed a high level of exposure of older adult staff to social media health advocacy messages. The results also shows that social media advocacy has certain effect on lifestyle adjustments and on the level of sustainable health living among the older adults However, challenges such as limited digital skills and poor internet access were identified as factors limiting the effectiveness of social media advocacy. The study concluded that social media advocacy is an effective tool for promoting positive lifestyle adjustments and sustainable health living among older adult staff of basic schools. It was recommended that school authorities, health educators, and policymakers strengthen digital health advocacy initiatives and improve digital literacy and internet access to enhance healthy living among older adults.

Proposing an Action-Implementation Model for Literacy and Vocational Skills Empowerment of Out-of-School Populations in Nigeria

2026-05-28T19:02:07+00:00

This paper proposed an action-implementation model for literacy and vocational skills empowerment of out-of-school populations which Nigeria should adopt in reducing youth unemployment, social exclusion, and vulnerability to crime extremism. The self-designed model arose due to the persistent challenges of out-of-school children and youth in Nigeria. It also addressed functional literacy deficits, linked literacy with livelihood skills, and provided an operational framework for implementing it through already established structures. Using a qualitative analytical approach, the paper reviewed the key factors exacerbating the high prevalence of out-of-school children and youth in Nigeria and the multiple threats and risks they posed to national development and security to justify the need and urgency of addressing the threats holistically which the model was constructed to achieve. The main features of the model, comprising the philosophy, the guiding principles, the target population, the structural components, the implementation framework, the funding strategy, and the expected outcomes, were clearly discussed. The paper recommended how the model should be practically implemented across government ministries and agencies in Nigeria and concluded that the model is a powerful, integrated solution to the crisis of out-of-school populations in Nigeria and most suitable for adoption in policy development, donor proposals, non-governmental programmes, and theoretical framework in academic research because it aligns with the socio-economic, cultural, and institutional realities of Nigeria.

WORK ENVIRONMENT AS A PREDICTOR OF JOB SATISFACTION OF UNIVERSITY STAFF IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-28T19:52:59+00:00

The pursuit of developing a creative, loyal, committed, and productive workforce illustrates the essential impact of job satisfaction of employees today. The quality of work environment as well, is a key factor in employees’ attitudes and behaviours in organisations; a relationship that is significantly consequential in higher education. This study, therefore, examined the relationship between work environment and job satisfaction of university staff in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design as three research questions and one hypothesis were developed to guide this study. The population of the study comprises all university staff in Ogun State, Nigeria. Purposive random sampling technique was used to select foremost universities (one each at the federal, state and private levels) whose number of members of staff is 4,747. Israel Model sampling determination table was used to select a sample size of 164 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection and was validated by experts. The reliable co-efficient of 0.97 was obtained for the instrument. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics of chi square to test the hypothesis at 0.05 significance level. The outcome of the study revealed that there is a significant connection between work environment and job satisfaction among university staff in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study concluded and recommended that the government and University management should make the provision and maintenance of adequate physical infrastructure such as well-equipped offices, functional laboratories, reliable power supply, and access to modern teaching and research technologies a top priority.

Influence of Environmental Awareness and Attitude on Solid Waste Management Practices among Junior Secondary School Social Studies Students in Oyo State, Nigeria

2026-05-28T20:01:18+00:00

This study investigated the influence of students’ environmental awareness and attitude on solid waste management practices of Junior Secondary School Social Studies students in Oyo State, Nigeria. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey research design with the population, which comprised all students in junior secondary schools, Oyo state, with a total of one hundred and thirty thousand, one fifty-eight (130,158). Twenty-four (24) government schools from junior Secondary levels and 1189 students were purposively selected from the population. A structured researcher designed questionnaire tagged “Environmental Awareness and Attitude to Solid Waste Management Questionnaire” (EAASWMQ) was used to collect data. The instrument yielded an Alpha Cronbach reliability coefficient of 0.75. This indicated that the instrument used for data collection was reliable. Two research questions were raised and answered with one hypothesis formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analysed data collected. The findings revealed a relatively high level of environmental awareness and positive attitude toward solid waste management practices among junior secondary school students. Furthermore, there existed a slightly significant difference in students’ level of environmental awareness based on gender. Based on these findings, the study recommended that environmental awareness must be sustained among Junior Secondary School Social Studies students. Also, infrastructural facilities should be adequately provided in schools. Community’s support and involvement in solid waste management should be encouraged.

DIGITAL LITERACY AND SELF-EFFICACY AS PREDICTORS OF PROGRAMME COMPLETION RATE AMONG OPEN DISTANCE LEARNERS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS

2026-05-28T20:33:27+00:00

This study investigated digital literacy and self-efficacy as predictors of programme completion among Open Distance Learners in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. As technology-mediated learning expands, students’ ability to use digital tools effectively and their belief in their academic capabilities have become critical for success in ODL environments. The study adopted a correlational survey design, with a sample of 350 registered ODL students selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire and analysed using multiple regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Students’ completion status was also examined to determine programme completion rates and assess attrition trends. Findings revealed that digital literacy significantly predicted academic achievement and programme completion, accounting for 26.8% of the variance, while self-efficacy explained 36.4%. The overall completion rate in comparable Nigerian ODL contexts ranges between 6.2% and 14.9%, indicating substantial attrition. Jointly, digital literacy and self-efficacy explained 41.2% of the variance in academic success and completion behaviour, with a significant interaction effect showing that digital literacy is most effective when supported by strong self-efficacy. The study concludes that technological competence and psychological readiness are essential for improving academic performance and completion rates. It recommends integrating digital literacy training, mentoring, and motivational support to enhance retention and reduce attrition in Nigerian ODL institutions.

TRANSITING FROM POLICY FORMULATION TO COMMUNITY IMPACT: BRIDGING INSTITUTIONAL GAPS IN NIGERIA’S COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ARCHITECTURE

2026-05-28T20:47:35+00:00

This paper examines the persistent policy implementation gaps in Nigeria’s community development sector, arguing that sustainability challenges are fundamentally institutional rather than merely administrative, fiscal, or political. Drawing on Institutional Theory, the study conceptualises institutions as multi-dimensional structures comprising formal rules, enforcement mechanisms, normative expectations, and cultural-cognitive norms that shape implementation behaviour. Empirical evidence from Nigeria demonstrates that capacity constraints, fragmented inter-agency coordination, political incentive distortions, and weak accountability systems collectively impede the translation of policy intent into sustainable community outcomes. Counterarguments attributing failure to fiscal scarcity, corruption, political instability, citizen disengagement, external dependency, and cultural norms are critically assessed; each is shown to be mediated through institutional structures, reinforcing the centrality of institutional realignment. The paper advances a multi-level reform framework designed to enhance policy coherence, strengthen institutional accountability, improve inter-agency coordination, and facilitate the translation of policy objectives into sustainable community-level outcomes. The framework provides a structured pathway for improving governance coordination, strengthening accountability mechanisms, enhancing institutional capacity, and embedding participatory processes necessary for sustainable community development outcomes in Nigeria. The analysis situates Nigeria within broader governance debates, illustrating that formal policy adoption alone is insufficient for sustainable outcomes in developing democracies. By foregrounding institutions as the decisive variable shaping community development performance, the paper contributes to theoretical and practical discourse on governance reform. It argues that the pathway to sustainability lies not in additional policy proliferation but in coherent institutional realignment capable of harmonising incentives, enhancing accountability, and embedding adaptive learning into governance ecosystems.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF ADULT EDUCATION IN THE 5TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: LEVERAGING ON INCLUSIVENESS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2026-05-28T20:55:01+00:00

This paper on challenges and opportunities of adult education in the 5^th Industrial Revolution (5IR): leveraging on inclusiveness and sustainable development in Nigeria has the following objectives: to find out challenges and opportunities in the 5IR and how inclusive adult education programmes and activities could improve and sustain development in Nigeria. The study employed a secondary source of methodology and contended that challenges and opportunities of adult education in the 5IR are inevitable, but if well managed, could enhance national sustainable development. Findings revealed that adult education in the 5IR is faced with such challenges as poor funding, inadequate facilitators or change agents, mismanagement and corruption, poor perception and awareness by the public, lack of supervision and monitoring among others while such opportunities like sustained lifelong education and learning, empowerment of citizens, employment, and skill acquisition could be achieved through inclusive adult education programmes and activities to enhance and improve national sustainable development in the country. It was discovered that inclusive adult education programmes could eliminate gender disparity, religious and cultural beliefs, and promote citizens’ participation and involvement for national development. Therefore, the study recommends, among others, that the government should initiate policies that can promote inclusive education and community engagement for enhanced sustainable development in the country.

JOB ANALYSIS AND EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION IN WATER BOARD CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-28T21:02:55+00:00

This study examined the relationship between job analysis and employees’ job satisfaction in the Water Board, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. A population of 230 respondents was used in the study. Using the total enumeration sampling method, all 230 workers formed the sample of the study. The Job Analysis and Employees’ Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JAEJSQ) was the instrument used for data collection. 230 copies of the questionnaire administered were successfully completed and retrieved for analysis. The reliability of the instrument was established with Cronbach Alpha Reliability Method with an internal consistency of 0.85. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis was adopted to test the null hypotheses at .05 level of significance with relative degrees of freedom. The result of the analysis revealed that job descriptions and job specifications significantly relate to employees’ job satisfaction. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that management should properly and constantly update job descriptions and job specifications to provide employees with the structure and design they need to carry out their jobs effectively, stretch their experiences and grow their skills, thereby enhancing job satisfaction.

ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AND EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA

2026-05-28T21:11:31+00:00

Nigeria has a significant problem of graduate unemployment, which raises the question of whether university education can prepare graduates with skills that are relevant in the labour market. This paper explored the connection between entrepreneurial intentions and employability skills of undergraduates in South-West Nigeria using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Three research objectives were addressed through one research question and two research hypotheses. The design used was a descriptive survey research design. The study sampled 984 final-year students using a random sampling technique. A self-constructed questionnaire titled Entrepreneurial Intentions and Employability Skills among Undergraduates Questionnaire (EIESAUQ) was used. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that the average level of employability skills among the undergraduates (grand mean = 3.47) was generally high, with the highest degree observed in teamwork skills. Significant positive relationships were found between subjective norms and employability skills (r = .43, p < .05) and between perceived behavioural control and employability skills (r = .44, p < .05). The study concludes that entrepreneurial intention variables are significant in enhancing the employability competencies of Nigerian undergraduates. The study suggests that government agencies should promote university–industry collaboration through supportive policies, funding, and national employability programmes, while employers provide structured internships and mentorship.

IMPORTANCE OF COMPATIBILITY ON MARITAL STABILITY AMONG HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-28T22:51:55+00:00

The marriage institution is sacred and has been the foundation of human society for a long time. The purpose of this study is to investigate the importance of compatibility on marital stability among health professionals. The study employed both descriptive and correlation survey designs. The total population of the study is 4167. The sample size of 996 were selected using random sampling and fish bowl techniques for the study. A self-structured questionnaire tagged: “Importance of Compatibility on Marital Stability among Health Professionals (ICMSAHP)” was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was validated by two experts in Adult Education and Sociology from the University of Lagos. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the reliability of the instrument, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.95. The findings revealed a significant, strong, and positive relationship between couples’ compatibility and marital stability among health professionals. It was recommended that courtship is germane in laying the solid foundation for marriage. Intending couples should adopt it to reduce divorce rates. A better understanding of each other can be achieved by couple through long courtship. Also, prospective spouses should have gainful and sustained employment both prior to matrimony and throughout the course of the marriage.

TYLER’S MODEL EVALUATION OF ADULT AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN OYO STATE, SOUTH WEST NIGERIA

2026-05-28T22:55:41+00:00

This paper presents an in-depth evaluation of the adult and non-formal education curriculum in Nigeria, analysed through the lens of Tyler’s Model, with reference to Oyo State. The study applied Tyler’s (1949) four proposed curriculum evaluation steps: identifying educational purposes (objectives), providing educational experiences (learning experiences), organising these experiences effectively (organisation), and determining whether the purposes are being attained (evaluation). A descriptive survey research design was adopted with a total sample of 40 respondents selected purposively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Evaluation of Adult and Non-Formal Education with Tyler’s Model (EANFTM). The instrument’s internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.81, which indicates high reliability. Findings revealed that most respondents agreed that curriculum objectives were clearly stated but not always aligned with learner needs or realities. The study recommends that the government should provide ongoing training in adult learning principles and curriculum delivery aligned with Tyler’s steps, while encouraging facilitators to innovate in teaching methods and assessment practices.

Assessing the Impact of Youth Employment and Community-Based Workshops on Sustainable Community Forest Management in Akamkpa LGA, Cross River State, Nigeria

2026-05-29T18:51:17+00:00

This research examined the impact of youth employment and community-based workshops on sustainable forest management in Oban, Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study made use of a descriptive survey design, employing a multistage sampling procedure in selecting a sample of 151 respondents from this population, a population of 2,156 youth and community members engaged in forest-related activities within the study area. The instrument used in data collection was a researcher-developed instrument titled “Youth Employment and Community-Based Workshops on Sustainable Forest Management Questionnaire (YECWSFMQ), validated by experts in Environmental Education and measurement and Evaluation Departments both from University of Calabar, Calabar Cross River State, Nigeria. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients analyses with the text coefficient ranging from 0.78 to 0.86, which was considered good enough for this study. In answering the research questions in the study, the mean and standard deviation were used, while simple linear regression analyses were used employed for the hypotheses testing at the 0.05 significance level. The data analyses results indicated that youth employment is significantly related to sustainable forest management practices within the research area. In like manner, finding as shown from the analysis of the second hypothesis indicated that community-based workshops significantly and positively impact local communities’ attitudes towards sustainable forest management. With regards to these results and subsequent findings, recommendations were made, among others, that the Cross River State government, as well as other relevant environmental agencies, strengthen youth employment opportunities with reference to forestry initiatives, in addition to intensifying community-based workshop programmes towards the promotion of positive attitudes and enhancing sustainable forest management practices in Oban Akamkpa and by extension Cross River State.

Tracing Administrative Bottlenecks from Policy Design to Programme Delivery in Non-Formal Education in Nigeria

2026-05-29T19:00:12+00:00

Administrative bottlenecks are often prevalent between the development and implementation of policy and programmes in the non-formal education (NFE) sector of Nigeria, but little is known about them, their causes, and the impact. This research particularly explores the links between clarity in policy interpretation and intergovernmental coordination, the impact of accountability frameworks on the efficiency of local-level NFE programs, and how administrative bottlenecks collectively affect programme quality. The research is grounded in the principal–Agent Theory, which views policy implementation as a delegation process that creates administrative bottlenecks. Using three research questions and two hypotheses, the study adopted a descriptive survey approach with a structured questionnaire, surveying 464 adult education program supervisors in Nigeria. Descriptive and regression analyses (at a 0.05 threshold) were conducted for data analysis. The results indicate that clear interpretations of policies are likely to improve inter-governmental coordination through reduced ambiguity and increased trust between agencies. But uncertainty in operational guidelines may limit the effectiveness of these benefits, revealing the difficulties in translating policies to practice. Accountability processes were found to support timely initiation and implementation of programmes where processes were transparent and approval mechanisms clear, but inflexible procedures or financial processes could inadvertently delay implementation. Also, bureaucratic inefficiencies, institutional weaknesses and budgetary constraints tended to build up and impact planning, implementation and service continuity. Although adaptive measures occasionally offset these impacts, inefficient processes, especially when sustained, were found to limit programme efficacy and over time have potential to undermine public trust. This research concludes that policy-makers and educational administrators should create operational guidelines, coordination tools and role expectations to minimize role ambiguity and promote intergovernmental co-operation.

NIGERIAN TALENT EXPORT PROGRAMME (NATEP): INTENT, FRAMEWORK, AND CHALLENGES

2026-05-29T19:04:32+00:00

This study examines the Nigerian Talent Export Programme (NATEP) as a public policy initiative situated at an intersection of labour migration governance and adult education. Drawing comparative insights from India and the Philippines, two countries with established migration management systems, the study examines NAPTEP’s intent, institutional design, and anticipated challenges. Anchored in adult learning theories, particularly Knowles’ andragogy and Mezirow’s transformative learning theories, the paper adopts a qualitative and analytical approach to explore how NATEP can function beyond a labour export mechanism as a structured lifelong learning ecosystem. The analysis highlights migration as an extended learning process encompassing pre-departure preparation, transnational work experience, and post-migration reintegration. NATEP represents a policy shift toward organizing skilled migration through training, certification, and international placement, with the potential to convert global mobility into sustainable human capital development. Findings suggest that NATEP’s effectiveness will depend on institutional integration, alignment of training with adult learners’ professional goals and the formal recognition of overseas experience with domestic labour markets. Reintegration emerges as a critical yet underdeveloped phase, where transformative learning can translate individual skill acquisition into collective developmental outcomes. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at strengthening NATEP as both a migration strategy and a lifelong learning framework.